Restricted net assets are calculated by determining the portion of an organization's net assets that are subject to limitations imposed by donors, grantors, or laws. The comparison you mentioned involves two steps to identify the restricted amount:

1. Capital + API + Statutory: This represents the total assets available to an entity, considering its capital (equity from issuance of stocks), accumulated other comprehensive income (API), and any additional funds required by law or regulations.

2. Total Equity Minus Intercompany Transactions: Total equity reflects all the elements of ownership in the entity, but intercompany transactions may inflate this figure if they are not eliminated in consolidation. Subtracting intercompany transactions adjusts the equity to remove these internal transactions, providing a more accurate view of external stakeholders' interests.

The basic logic behind comparing these two is to ensure that restricted net assets are computed based on the most restrictive condition. The lesser of these two amounts is taken because it reflects the most conservative estimate of assets that can be used for specific purposes as per the restrictions. The concern here is to accurately represent the resources that are truly available for use according to the constraints imposed by donors, grantors, or legal requirements, rather than including assets that might be tied up in internal company arrangements or subject to other limitations.

According to ASC 958-605-25, Not-for-Profit Entities - Revenue Recognition, the recognition and measurement of contributions received and contributions made are addressed, which includes the consideration of restrictions on net assets. The calculation you've described aligns with the principles outlined in this section for identifying and classifying net assets with and without donor restrictions.