下面我将给你一道题,你来帮我写会计分录。
The terms of the arrangement require an operator to construct a road—completing construction within two years—and maintain and operate the road to a specified standard for eight years (ie years 3–10). The terms of the arrangement also require the operator to resurface the road at the end of year. At the end of year 10, the arrangement will end. Assume that the operator identifies three performance obligations for construction services, operation services and road resurfacing. The operator estimates that the costs it will incur to fulfil its obligations will be:
Table 1.1 Contract costs
Year
CU(a)
Construction services
1
500
2
500
Operation services (per year)
3–10
10
Road resurfacing
8
100
The terms of the arrangement require the grantor to pay the operator 200 currency units (CU200) per year in years 3–10 for making the road available to the public.
For the purpose of this illustration, it is assumed that all cash flows take place at the end of the year.
根据题目描述,这是一个服务特许经营安排,涉及三个不同的绩效义务:建设服务、运营服务和道路重铺。以下是会计分录的示例:
- 建设服务:
-
年份1和2,运营商提供建设服务,确认收入和费用:
- 借:应收账款(CU1000)(2年总成本CU1000) 贷:营业收入(CU1000)
- 借:营业成本(CU1000)(2年总成本CU1000) 贷:预收账款(CU1000)
-
运营服务:
-
年份3至10,每年运营商提供运营服务,收到CU200,确认收入和费用:
- 借:应收账款(CU200) 贷:营业收入(CU200)
- 借:营业成本(CU10)(每年运营成本) 贷:预收账款(CU10)
-
道路重铺:
-
在第8年,运营商需要进行道路重铺,确认收入和费用:
- 借:应收账款(CU100) 贷:营业收入(CU100)
- 借:营业成本(CU100) 贷:预收账款(CU100)
-
预收账款的减少:
- 每年运营服务完成后,预收账款减少:
- 借:预收账款(CU10) 贷:预收账款(CU10)
请注意,这些分录假设运营商在提供服务的同时立即确认收入,且所有现金流均在年底发生。实际操作中,收入确认可能需要考虑完工百分比法或其他适当的收入确认原则。此外,如果运营商需要借款来资助这些活动,借款费用的处理应根据《企业会计准则第17号——借款费用》进行。